Basic Computing

Types of computer buses their advantages and disadvantages in 2024

Inside a computer you can see a large number of different components, which represent the Hardware, and for these to have communication between them, it is necessary to use particular cables called buses. In this article we introduce you to the types of computer buses in computing and their function.

Types of Buses

For those who wonder what are buses in computing? it is essential to resort to its definition. Buses are a component that helps transfer information within computer bus types . All the internal components and peripheral elements of a computer communicate through the internal buses . Next, the types of computer buses in Computer Science and their function are presented:

Types of computer Buses according to the method of sending the information

There are two categories according to this type: parallel bus and serial bus.

Parallel bus

This type of data bus is sent in byte format simultaneously, with the support of different lines that have specific functions. In computers it has been used intensively, from the bus of the same processor, hard drives, video cards and even printers.

The front side bus of Intel computing equipment is a type of bus of this class and has very particular responsibilities:

  1. The address lines, which are responsible for pointing out the location of the memory or the component that is going to communicate with the computer.

  2. The control lines are responsible for emitting signals between the components, an example of this are the indicators or status indicators.

  3. The data lines are responsible for transmitting the bits at random.

Serial bus

In this type of computer bus , the data or information is sent bit by bit and is restored through registers. It is made up of some drivers. It has only recently been used in buses for hard drives, expansion cards and processor.

Types of computer buses

Types of computer buses by their use

These types of computer buses in computing have backplane type diagrams as an extension of the processor bus where the direction, control and data buses are diagrammed, which are directed towards the CPU, RAM memory, among others.

Control bus

The control bus is another type of data bus . This controls the use and access to the address and data lines. These lines must be supplied with particular devices that govern their use. Control signals issue commands and information between components. This bus is that it favors that there is no collision of information within the system.

Steering bus

This is a means of the processor independent of the data bus, where the memory address of the information that is being transmitted is established.

These types of buses consist of the group of electric lines that allows the establishment of an address. The memory capacity that it is capable of addressing will depend on the number of bits that make up the address bus.

Eventually, control lines may be needed to indicate the availability of the bus address and this will depend on the configuration of the bus itself.

Data bus

These types of computer buses are called bidirectional, since the information can enter or leave the computer. In some computers, the data bus is used to send other information in addition to the data itself, for example: address bits or condition data.

Generally, the computer outputs one character for each bus clock pulse, which results in full system clock pulses. Computers that are slow must use two clock pulses to output a single character.

Multiplexed buses

Some configurations use multiplexed type power lines for the address and data bus, this means that the same group of lines act on certain occasions as an address bus and on other occasions as a data bus, yes never the same way at the same time.

The one in charge of discretizing between both functions is a control line.

Types of computer buses for their technology

As noted above, the computer buses are communication or connection line that transmits data or information. The number of lines that make up the informatica buses is important, since, if a bus has 16 lines, it will be able to transmit 16 bits simultaneously.

So you can also divide the buses of a computer , according to their physical situation.

Internal buses

This type of bus sends information between the devices and internal components of a computer. All the internal components of a computer are connected through different electrical lines, a group of these lines is known as the internal bus.

Data, control signals or memory addresses pass through this type of internal bus . Information is transmitted through the different lines, both entering and leaving data and memories.

External buses

These types of computer buses are used to communicate or connect the computer with other peripheral devices or external memories.

In the data transmission that is executed in the informatics buses , there are two elements acting: the one that makes the transmission, which is known as the transmission master and the other part, which replicates it which is known as the transmission slave.

For more info click Difference between address bus and data bus

FAQs

Q.What is a computer bus?

A. computer bus is a communication system that transfers data between components inside a computer or between computers. It serves as a pathway for data and signals to travel between the CPU, memory, peripherals, and other hardware components.

Q. What are the types of computer buses?

A. Common types of computer buses include system buses (such as the Front Side Bus), expansion buses (such as PCI and PCIe), and internal buses (such as the SATA and USB buses).

Q. What is the role of a system bus?

A. system bus connects the CPU to the main memory (RAM) and other essential components like the Northbridge chip. It facilitates communication between the CPU and memory, enabling data transfer for processing and storage.

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